| 30th United States Congress | |||
United States Capitol (1846) |
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| Duration: March 4, 1847 – March 3, 1849 | |||
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| Senate President: | George M. Dallas | ||
| Senate Pres. pro tem: | David R. Atchison | ||
| House Speaker: | Robert C. Winthrop | ||
| Members: | 60 Senators 230 Representatives 2 Non-voting members |
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| Senate Majority: | Democratic | ||
| House Majority: | Whig | ||
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| Sessions | |||
| 1st: December 6, 1847 – August 14, 1848 2nd: December 4, 1848 – March 3, 1849 |
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The Thirtieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1847 to March 3, 1849, during the last two years of the administration of President James K. Polk. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the Sixth Census of the United States in 1840. The Senate had a Democratic majority, and the House had a Whig majority. It was the only Congress in which Abraham Lincoln served.
During this congress, two Senate seats were added for the new state of Wisconsin.
| Affiliation | Party
(Shading indicates majority caucus)
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Total | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic (D) |
Independent Democratic (ID) |
Whig (W) |
Other | Vacant | ||
| End of previous Congress | 31 | 0 | 24 | 1 | 56 | 2 |
| Begin | 34 | 1 | 20 | 0 | 55 | 3 |
| End | 36 | 23 | 60 | 0 | ||
| Final voting share | 60.0% | 1.7% | 38.3% | 0.0% | ||
| Beginning of next Congress | 32 | 0 | 25 | 2 | 59 | 1 |
During this congress, one House seat was added for the new state of Wisconsin.
| Affiliation | Party
(Shading indicates plurality caucus)
|
Total | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American (Know-nothing) (A) |
Democratic (D) |
Independent Democratic (ID) |
Whig (W) |
Independent (I) |
Vacant | ||
| End of previous Congress | 12 | 137 | 0 | 77 | 0 | 226 | 2 |
| Begin | 1 | 107 | 2 | 116 | 1 | 227 | 1 |
| End | 110 | 3 | 115 | 230 | 0 | ||
| Final voting share | 0.4% | 47.8% | 1.3% | 50.0% | 0.4% | ||
| Beginning of next Congress | 1 | 113 | 0 | 107 | 0 | 230 | 1 |
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed in order of seniority, and Representatives are listed by district.
The names of members of the House of Representatives are preceded by their district numbers.
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.
| State (class) |
Former senator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee (2) |
Vacant | Failure to elect | John Bell (W) | Elected November 22, 1847 |
| Iowa (2) |
Vacant | Iowa admitted to the Union at end of previous congress | George W. Jones (D) | Elected December 7, 1848 |
| Iowa (3) |
Vacant | Iowa admitted to the Union at end of previous congress | Augustus C. Dodge (D) | Elected December 7, 1848 |
| Mississippi (1) |
Jesse Speight (D) | Died May 1, 1847 | Jefferson Davis (D) | Elected August 10, 1847 |
| Connecticut (1) |
Jabez W. Huntington (W) | Died November 1, 1847 | Roger S. Baldwin (W) | Elected November 11, 1847 |
| Maine (1) |
John Fairfield (D) | Died December 24, 1847 | Wyman B. S. Moor (D) | Appointed January 5, 1848 |
| Georgia (3) |
Walter T. Colquitt (D) | Resigned February 4, 1848 | Herschel V. Johnson (D) | Elected February 4, 1848 |
| Arkansas (3) |
Ambrose H. Sevier (D) | Resigned March 15, 1848 | Solon Borland (D) | Elected March 30, 1848 |
| Arkansas (2) |
Chester Ashley (D) | Died April 29, 1848 | William K. Sebastian (D) | Elected May 12, 1848 |
| Wisconsin (1) |
Wisconsin admitted to the Union May 29, 1848 and remained vacant until June 8, 1848 | Henry Dodge (D) | Elected June 8, 1848 | |
| Wisconsin (3) |
Wisconsin admitted to the Union May 29, 1848 and remained vacant until June 8, 1848 | Isaac P. Walker (D) | Elected June 8, 1848 | |
| Michigan (1) |
Lewis Cass (D) | Resigned May 29, 1848 to run for President of the United States | Thomas Fitzgerald (D) | Elected June 8, 1848 |
| Maine (1) |
Wyman B. S. Moor (D) | Successor elected June 7, 1848 | Hannibal Hamlin (D) | Elected June 7, 1848 |
| Kentucky (3) |
John J. Crittenden (W) | Resigned June 12, 1848 to run for Governor of Kentucky | Thomas Metcalfe (W) | Elected June 23, 1848 |
| Alabama (3) |
Arthur P. Bagby (D) | Resigned June 16, 1848 after being appointed Minister to Russia | William R. King (D) | Elected July 1, 1848 |
| Alabama (2) |
Dixon H. Lewis (D) | Died October 25, 1848 | Benjamin Fitzpatrick (D) | Elected November 25, 1848 |
| Delaware (1) |
John M. Clayton (W) | Resigned February 23, 1849 after being appointed United States Secretary of State | John Wales (W) | Elected February 23, 1849 |
| District | Vacator | Reason for change | Successor | Date of successor's installation |
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| Illinois 5th | Vacant | Rep. Stephen A. Douglas resigned at end of previous congress | William A. Richardson (D) | Seated December 6, 1847 |
| Virginia 2nd | George Dromgoole (D) | Died April 27, 1847 | Richard K. Meade (D) | Seated August 5, 1847 |
| Michigan 2nd | Edward Bradley (D) | Died August 5, 1847 | Charles E. Stuart (D) | Seated December 6, 1847 |
| Pennsylvania 6th | John W. Hornbeck (W) | Died January 16, 1848 | Samuel A. Bridges (D) | Seated March 6, 1848 |
| Massachusetts 8th | John Quincy Adams (W) | Died February 23, 1848 | Horace Mann (W) | Seated April 3, 1848 |
| New York 27th | John M. Holley (W) | Died March 8, 1848 | Esbon Blackmar (W) | Seated December 4, 1848 |
| South Carolina 1st | James A. Black (D) | Died April 3, 1848 | Daniel Wallace (D) | Seated June 12, 1848 |
| New York 6th | David S. Jackson (D) | James Monroe contested seat after which the House declared the seat vacant April 19, 1848 | Horace Greeley (W) | Seated December 4, 1848 |
| Wisconsin 1st | Wisconsin admitted into the Union May 29, 1848 and seat remained vacant until June 8, 1848 | William P. Lynde (D) | Seated June 8, 1848 | |
| Wisconsin 2nd | Wisconsin admitted into the Union May 29, 1848 and seat remained vacant until June 8, 1848 | Mason C. Darling (D) | Seated June 8, 1848 | |
| Wisconsin Territory At-large | John H. Tweedy (W) | Was disqualified May 29, 1848 after the portion of territory he resided in achieved statehood | Henry H. Sibley | Seated October 30, 1848 |
| South Carolina 4th | Alexander D. Sims (D) | Died November 22, 1848 | John McQueen (D) | Seated February 12, 1849 |
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